Medical researchers are yet to identify the exact cause of a migraine. However, there are many factors – called triggers – that could play a role in the onset of a migraine. Here’s a look at some of the most common migraine triggers.
1. Stress: A significant increase (or decrease) in psychological or physical stress can cause a migraine. Researchers have found that many people who suffer from migraines report that their attacks are associated with stress. What’s surprising is that some people experience a new migraine attack while in the middle of a stressful situation, while others experience it as an aftermath of the stressful situation.
2. Lack of sleep: Sleep disturbance is another common trigger for migraines. Insufficient and excessive sleep are often linked to migraines. Changes in one’s work schedule or jet lag can also act as triggers for migraines.
3. Dehydration or hunger: People with migraines should try to avoid skipping meals. Research has consistently indicated that skipping meals can often trigger a migraine. It is not yet clear how this happens, but healthcare providers believe it could be related to falling blood glucose levels.
4. Alcohol: Alcohol is a common migraine trigger, and red wine is believed to be the chief culprit especially among women. In a 2008 Brazilian study, alcohol appeared to trigger migraines in about one-third of the people.
5. Highly caffeinated beverages: Some medical experts have reported that beverages with a high amount of caffeine can trigger a migraine. That’s why it’s a good idea to limit the intake of caffeinated beverages like coffee, tea, and energy drinks if one is susceptible to migraines.
6. Medication overuse: The overuse of medications is another common migraine trigger. People who overuse common painkillers, or analgesics, in particular, are more likely to have chronic migraines. Usually, discontinuation of the offensive medication is necessary before one can control their migraine symptoms.
7. Strong odors: People who suffer from migraines often report that unusual or strong smells can trigger a migraine. Also, during a migraine episode, food odors, cigarette smoke, and perfume scents were found to be some of the most offensive smells.
